Number 13

Monaco took part in the universal exhibition in 1889. The area given to the Principality was small but well situated. The pavilion, built by Ernest Janty, and the garden refered to Monaco : brightness, colours, exuberance of vegetation. This exposition allowed, among other things, to make a presentation of the first oceanographic campaigns of Prince Albert. The results obtained, the equipment used, and the participation of the prince to many international congresses during the exhibition, allowed Prince Albert to have a scientific renown. (full text in French)

This article charts Prince Louis II career in the French army. After having studied in Saint-Cyr and at the Saumur School of Cavalry, he was assigned to the 1st foreign regiment, and was seconded to the 2nd hunters of Africa in 1893. During the First World War, he joined the 5th army staff. Major and colonel at the end of the war, Prince Louis II put an end to his military carrer when his father died. (full text in French)

When the First French Empire fell, Monaco faced an uncertain fate as the Principality was annexed by France. After many negotiations, two treaties of Paris (May 30th 1814 and November 20th 1815) allowed the Grimaldis to head the Principality, but Monaco was enclosed in the Piedmont-Sardinia, the influence of which was increasing. (full text in French)

In autumn 1792, the Principality faced many troubles as it was annexed by France. The author tries to determine if the revolution in Monaco was the result of the French influence, sustained or supported by the population. (full text in French)

Following a short stopover in Monaco in April 1887, Guy de Maupassant, then aged 37 and already well-known, dedicated some fantasy-based pages to the Principality, in a collection entitled “Sur l’eau”. This text rather humorist, describes Monaco as a military powerless state, without any moral and religious strengths, and devoiding a real judicial system. According to him, the Sovereign was using a vain authority and he considered the population as mindless subjects. (full text in French)

Louis-Vincent Bosio, wrote a manuscript around 1840-1843, entitled “Notices sur Monaco”. This text is an invaluable account about the Monaco lifestyle in the late 18th century and in the beginning of the 19th century. This article is composed of the publication of a chapter from this manuscript, entitled “Saint-Devota feast day, patron saint of Monaco”. (full text in French)